T:Have you ever seen koalas directly? Many of you have seen them in the zoo, haven’t you? Do you know how many koalas we have in Japan? How many koalas do you think we have in Japan?
– How many koalas do you think we have in Japan?
T:S1, how many koalas do you think we have in Japan? S1:I guess one hundred. T:How about your partner. How many koalas does he think we have in Japan? S1:He guesses fifty.
T: Yes, the answer is … about fifty. At the end of 2019, we had fifty four koalas in Japan. Only seven zoos keep koalas. They say it is difficult to keep koalas as they eat only the leaves of eucalyptus trees.
前回の展開ではコアラそのものについて話すことに終始しましたが、今回はコアラをきっかけとして、動物と社会との関係について考えていきます。すでに何度も使ってきている How many…s do we have? の表現を使って、国内で飼育されているコアラの数を考え、その数が多くないことを伝えます。コアラを飼育している動物園が国内に7つしかないことは、多くの生徒にとっては驚きではないでしょうか?
T:In Australia koalas live in the wild, too. How many wild koalas do you think live in the wild in Australia? Australia Koala Foundation tells that the number of wild koalas in Australia is less than 100,000. Do you think they are in danger?
— Do you think koalas are in danger?
T:S2, do you think koalas are in danger? S2:Yes, I think so. T:Does your partner think they are in danger? S2:Yes, she thinks so, too. T:In 1990, there were about 430,000 wild koalas in Australia. In 2010, it decreased to 200,000 and now less than half of it. Koalas are in danger.
今度は野生のコアラの数を考え、その答えである10万頭以下という数字が果たして大きなものなのか、そうでないのかを考えます。続いてその数の変化を紹介し、野生コアラの生息数が急激に減少していること、ゆえに野生のコアラが危機的な状況にあることを教えます。このとき、内容を同時に、decrease, less than などの数をめぐる表現も使います。これらの語が未習の場合は、説明を加えてもよいでしょう。既習の場合は、「使って」の復習になると思います。数字や量に関わる表現はこのように日常的に使って慣れさせておく必要があります。
Now, do you know any endangered animals in Japan? Endangered animals mean animals in danger. They are thought to disappear in the future. They are going extinct.
— Do you know any endangered animals in Japan?
T:S2, do you know any endangered animals in Japan? S2:The brown bear. T:Yes, it is one of the endangered animals. Does your partner know any endangered animals in Japan? S2:Yes, she says the owl. T:Yes, the striped owl is also on the red list. There are a lot of endangered animals in Japan and in the world.