T: Now, the summer break is over. You are happy to come back to school, aren’t you? I know you are tired of staying at home. Which do you prefer, coming to school or staying at home? I prefer coming to school to staying at home. I mean, I like coming to school better.
– Which do you prefer, coming to school or staying at home?
T: S1, which do you prefer, coming to school or staying at home? S1: I prefer coming to school. T: Oh, you prefer coming to school to staying at home. So you are happy today, aren’t you? Which does your partner prefer, coming to school or staying at home? S1:He says he prefers staying at home. T: He prefers staying at home to coming to school. I hope his is not too unhappy today.
preferは日常のコミュニケーションのなかでよく使われる単語です。prefer A to Bの表現や、名詞のpreferenceの重要性を考えると導入するに値する単語です。ここでは、prefer A to Bの表現は、生徒の答えに対するre-castのかたちで導入しました。もちろん、実際の場面では、質問を共有する前に、必要に応じて簡単なドリル、例えば Do you prefer udon to soba or soba to udon? などをしても良いと思います。
T: I hope you had a good summer break. Did you have a lot of fun? Is there anything you regret about your summer break? I regret spending a lot of time doing nothing. I should have practiced playing the guitar more.
— Is there anything you regret about your summer break?
T: S2, is there anything you regret about your summer break? S2: I regret spending a lot of time in my bed. T: You mean, you should not have spent too much time in your bed? S2: That’s right. T: Is there anything your partner regrets about her summer break? S2: She says she regrets not having spent more time with her dog. T: She should have spent more time with her dog. I should have spent more time with my sons.
前回はWhat should you have done? という質問を使ってやりとりしましたが、今回は regret を使います。regretは、準動詞を目的語とする場合、動名詞だけをとる動詞なので、教師が答えの例を示す部分でそれをカバーしました。生徒が同じように答えてくれることを期待してのことです。また、その後に、I should have practiced playing the guitar more. と助動詞+have+過去分詞の文も併せて使い、内容に対する理解を深めると同時に、文法事項についての理解あるいは定着をも促しています。
Now, the school has already started. Don’t you have any ambitions for this fall? Is there anything you are determined to do this fall?
– Is there anything you are determined to do this fall?
T: S3, is there anything you are determined to do this fall? S3: I am determined to pass Eiken grade pre 1 this fall. T: Cool. Is there anything your partner is determined to do this fall? S3: He says he is determined to gain some weight. T: In my case, I have to lose some weight.
前回は、What are your goals in this fall? という質問を共有してやりとりしましたが、今回は be determined to do という表現を用いてみました。これもやはり、どこかのタイミングで使っておきたい表現です。
この質問も、その前の Is there anything you regret about your summer break? という質問も、whatを用いた直接内容を聞くものではないので、あるいは生徒が積極的に自分の答えを考え、表現することを避けるかも知れず、リスクがあると言えます。場合によっては、whatを用いた疑問文でのやりとりに変えた方が良いでしょう。このあたりは、普段からの雰囲気づくりと、教師の「司会」としての能力が問われるところです。